Livets Bog, vol. 4
Why "democracy" and not "dictatorship" can create true world peace
1526. As we have seen, the terrestrial human being within civilisation has advanced so far in its transformation from "animal" to "human being" that it begins to act individually. Unlike the mentality of the animal or the primitive human being, its mentality is not merely "flock consciousness", uniformalised and suppressed by the will of the flock, which is incarnated in a chief, leader or dictator. Even though the terrestrial human being to a great extent still does not have an individual consciousness, and thus, where this is the case, represents solely the flock's consciousness, the flock's view on religion or materialism, and lives according to the flock's authorised perception of customs and conventions, there are, however, in its innermost self, strong individual forces that are beginning to stir. It is these individual forces that cannot be manifested in a collective uniformalisation of the mentality, which means, where a line has already been drawn determining what an individual may and may not think. In a flock or society where everything that is contrary to this, or that lies outside this field, is brutally stamped out, and those who gave rise to it murdered, killed or tortured, there is absolutely no possibility whatsoever for development. Such a society can never become a really perfect, civilised society, for all the new individual thoughts or impulses and ideas that would bring about its renewal are killed or sabotaged. Only in societies where the individuals are still in the original raw, purely masculine and feminine state of the two sexes, and where the male and female mating process – as among animals – can still enliven and maintain adequate joy in daily life, does the dominion of a dictator not only still not constrain the individuals, since they cannot think thoughts about the area forbidden by the dictator and the flock, but even provides these beings with absolutely true happiness. This is certainly not the case for the individual when its individuality, its incipient independent thinking begins to be expressed fully in its innermost self. This individual thinking is a mental widening of the horizon, and therefore demands space. It is such a mental widening of the horizon that has gradually become what we call "art" or "science".
      These factors are thus rooted exclusively in individual thinking and constitute the display or manifestation that distinguishes the terrestrial human being from the animal. And to the extent that the terrestrial human being can increasingly manifest independent displays of art and science, it will turn more and more into a real "human being". And since this process of evolution is the absolutely predominant one in terrestrial mankind, one understands how hopelessly unfeasible dictatorship has become for this mankind. Only the unification of all the people of the world in an extensive or comprehensive "democracy" can bring about absolutely true world peace.